Types of mushrooms. What are the types of honey mushrooms and where do they grow

Probably almost every experienced mushroom picker knows what honey mushrooms look like, but even if you have never picked mushrooms yourself, you probably know mushrooms from jars from the supermarket.

In today's article, we will learn to distinguish edible mushrooms from false mushrooms and learn the main characteristics of mushrooms with photos and descriptions.

  What honey mushrooms look like

Edible mushrooms are one of the most popular and productive mushrooms. This family combines many species, among which there are both edible and inedible.

The difficulty lies in the fact that they have very similar features, although they still differ. Therefore, it is so important to be able to distinguish an edible mushroom from a false fungus similar to it.

  What are the criteria for distinguishing honey mushrooms from other mushrooms?

Many beginner mushroom pickers do not know how to distinguish honey mushrooms from false honey mushrooms. In order not to put poisonous mushrooms in the basket, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the distinctive characteristics of false and edible mushrooms.

The criteria described below will help beginners to distinguish real mushrooms from false mushrooms.  (picture 1):

• On the leg of a real honey agaric, a membranous ring is clearly visible, which is absent in false mushrooms.
• Edible mushrooms have a characteristic mushroom smell, false mushrooms smell unpleasant.
• The caps of real mushrooms are inconspicuous light brown in color, while inedible mushrooms  painted much brighter and defiant.
• Caps of young specimens of real mushrooms are covered with scales that are absent in false mushrooms. However, as the fungus grows, the scales disappear, which makes differentiation difficult.

In addition, the plates on the back of the mushroom cap also have their own differences. So in false mushrooms they are yellow, sometimes green or even olive-black. Edible honey agarics are painted in cream or yellowish-white tones.

The video shows where honey mushrooms grow and how to properly collect them.

  False honey mushrooms photo

False honey mushrooms mean inedible, conditionally edible and poisonous mushroomswhich in their appearance are very similar to real honey mushrooms. They are also easily confused because they grow in the same places - on stumps, tree trunks.

However, when it comes to human health and life, the mushroom picker has no right to make a mistake. He must be absolutely sure of the edibility of the collected mushrooms. Therefore, experienced mushroom pickers always advise, at the slightest doubt, not to pick the one you like.

  Features

The easiest way to learn and learn to identify false mushrooms from the photo. But we recommend that you also familiarize yourself with the distinctive characteristics that will help determine what false and edible mushrooms look like.

All false honey mushrooms have a number of common features that distinguish them from edible  (figure 2):

1. There is no ring inherent in real mushrooms on the leg of a false mushroom. In this case, the leg itself is too high. Real forest mushrooms reach a height of only 4-6 centimeters.
2. The smell of false mushrooms is earthy and unpleasant, instead of a pronounced mushroom.
3. Caps of false honey mushrooms have a bright color that catches your eye, for example, brick red.
4. The plates on the back of the false opening caps are painted in dark, almost black tones.
5. The taste of the mushroom is not an indicator of its edibility: very often poisonous mushrooms have a good taste.
6. False mushrooms grow some time in the spring and in the fall, while the real ones can be found almost all year round.

If the previous signs are not enough, you can check the response of the fungus in contact with water. If the cut of the fungus turns blue or black, you are dealing with an inedible or poisonous specimen, so it would be better to get rid of it quickly.

  Edible mushrooms: photo

Among more than three dozen species of mushrooms, united under the common name honey mushrooms, only 22 species have been scientifically described. Among them there are both edible and conditionally edible specimens, as well as inedible and poisonous. Most of all mushroom pickers are known for such edible mushrooms as summer mushrooms, winter mushrooms, autumn mushrooms, meadow mushrooms.

All of these fungi grow mainly on deciduous trees or on the remnants of their wood. In mountainous areas, honey mushrooms are also found on trunks. coniferous trees. Mushrooms of the honey agaric family under favorable weather conditions bear fruit for almost a year.

  Features

Although each type of honey agaric has its own characteristics, there are common features inherent in all edible mushrooms of this family, and it is easiest to evaluate the distinctive characteristics of edible mushrooms from the photo.

Real mushrooms grow in large groups on stumps and protruding tree roots. Young specimens have semicircular hats, which become open with age. Honey hats are painted in tones ranging from honey-yellow to rusty brown. In addition, they are often covered with small scales, which partially disappear as the fungus grows older. Typically, the diameter of the cap of the edible mushroom is from 4 to 10 cm, and the plates on its reverse side are light in young fungi, and yellow or brown in mature ones.

Edible mushrooms have thin legs that reach a length of 5 to 15 cm, hollow inside. But the most important sign that honey agaric can be eaten is a leathery ring located on the leg. It is formed from a veil protecting a young mushroom. In false mushrooms, such a ring is either absent, or only its small remains are visible. The flesh of this honey agaric has a pleasant mushroom aroma and is painted in a light brown color, which does not change when it comes into contact with water.

  How to distinguish honey mushrooms from false honey mushrooms

All lovers of quiet hunting need to be able to distinguish real mushrooms from inedible and poisonous, because it is on this that the health of loved ones depends. The same thing applies to honey mushrooms, among which there are many false mushrooms.

Note:  For example, a poisonous brick-red false feather is a dangerous counterpart to summer mushrooms. Its convex hat is painted in bright orange color, and the coverlet hangs from its edges in the form of flakes. The autumn honey agaric has a double, very similar in appearance, the difference is only in the hat and leg bright yellow. In addition, its surface is devoid of characteristic scales.

All false mushrooms differ from the real ones by the color of the plates under the hat (Figure 3). If the edible mushrooms have a light cream color, then the false ones have dark shades: sulfur-yellow or black-olive. You should also pay attention to the leg of the mushroom: in real mushrooms on the leg, the leathery ring under the hat is clearly visible, which can not be said about the false ones. Some false mushrooms are classified as conditionally edible, but you should be aware that their safety for humans has not been proven.

  What is the difference between a simple mushroom and a false

The difficulty in distinguishing between ordinary and false mushrooms is that they all grow in large groups in the same places: stumps, trunks of fallen trees, protruding roots. In addition, all species of honey mushrooms bear fruit at approximately the same time period. Of course, you can learn to distinguish between false and edible mushrooms from the photo, but you still need to know their distinctive characteristics.

There are additional external signs that help distinguish edible mushrooms from inedible ones.:

• Hats of false honey mushrooms are usually painted in bright flashy colors: sulfur yellow, brick red, while the caps of real honey mushrooms have muted, light brown tones.
• Edible young mushrooms are characterized by scales located on a hat and a leg. Over time, these flakes partially disappear. False mushrooms  devoid of scales on its surface.
• On the reverse side of the cap of any mushroom are plates. In real mushrooms, they are light cream or yellowish-white tones. False - greenish or olive-black.
• On the legs of false honey agarics, the leathery ring inherent in all edible species is poorly noticeable or completely absent.

All edible specimens have a pleasant mushroom aroma, while false ones are characterized by an unpleasant earthy odor.

You will find more information about the differences between false and real mushrooms in the video.

  Meadow mushrooms: how to distinguish from false

Meadow honey mushrooms grow in groups in open spaces: forest edges, pastures, fields. They are easily recognizable by a yellow hat with an almost transparent ribbed edge. At the same time, the shape of the cap is bell-shaped in young mushrooms, while in mature ones it is open with a wide tubercle in the center. In wet weather, it darkens and becomes sticky.

Note:  Meadows have several similar species, among which they call collibia and poisonous talk (Figure 4).

Collibia differs from meadow openings with more frequent white plates and a tubular-hollow leg. In addition, it has a not very pleasant smell. Collibia settles in deciduous and coniferous forests, where it can be found from late spring to early winter.

The whitish talker, like the meadow mushroom, prefers open, even spaces, growing in groups. The main difference is the absence of a central tubercle on the cap of the mushroom, as well as a large number of plates running down the leg. The flesh of this poisonous mushroom has a floury smell.

More information about meadow grassland - in the video.

People’s mushrooms are called completely different kinds of mushrooms, because the very name "honey agaric" means "mushroom on a stump." But honey mushrooms settle not only on stumps, but also on living trees, thereby destroying them. But there is an exception - this is a meadow honey agaric (meadow grass negro, meadow), he prefers to grow in meadows, clearings and pastures.

Mushroom pickers are best known for autumn, summer, winter and meadow mushrooms. Some of them do not belong to the Openok family, but we will all get to know them all.

Genus Honey agaric (Armillaria)

Autumn honey agaric (Armillaria mellea)

"Honey mushrooms went" - mushroom pickers pass each other. If the wave of mushrooms has already begun, there will be enough mushrooms for everyone. At this time of stumps, trees are dotted with hundreds of honey mushrooms growing densely to each other. Autumn honey agaric is the only mushroom that is not sought, but harvested like blueberries or raspberries.

Young mushrooms with non-deployed hats covered with a white film underneath go to the basket as a whole, with older adults who have the hat turned around and the film formed a ring on the leg, only the hats are cut off. Their legs become hard, tasteless. Old mushrooms, from which white spores spill out on neighbors' hats, should not be taken. Their fleshy flesh becomes unpleasant.

Such productivity is not surprising if we recall the features of the development of the fungus. Rather, its mycelium - after all, a mushroom is just a fruiting body, and a mycelium is an organism itself, such as an apple and an apple tree - and so, the largest organism on Earth is the mushroom mushroom! It covers an area of \u200b\u200b9 square kilometers (!), Having an age of about 2500 years and a weight (by indirect estimation) of more than 6000 tons !!! So the marine giant - the blue whale - is less than 30 times!

The color of the cap of the autumn mushroom varies greatly from light ocher to reddish-brown and olive-brown. The middle of the hat is usually darker. The entire surface of the hat is densely dotted with dark scales. It is believed that the color of the hat depends on the substrate on which the fungus lives. Honey mushrooms growing on poplar, white acacia, mulberry have a honey-yellow hue, brownish on oaks, dark gray on elderberry and reddish-brown on coniferous trees.

Plates of young mushrooms are light, yellowish. With age, they darken and become covered with brown spots. The pedicle in the upper part is light, yellowish, like the plates, in the lower part it is thickened, brownish, strongly darkening in old mushrooms, stiff. On the leg is a white webbed ring. The ring is strong, woolly, often double.

Autumn honey agaric is widespread across all continents. It can grow on the wood of many trees, both coniferous and deciduous, and not only on the trunks, but also on the roots.

Autumn honey agaric is one of the most versatile mushrooms in terms of its use in writing. He goes to soups, and in the hot, in the marinade, in the salt, in the dryer.

The following types of openings differ in some external (as well as morphological) characters from the autumn ones, but in terms of taste, they are very similar.

Honeycall (Armillaria gallica, Armillaria lutea)

The shape of the hat is bell-shaped, then convex with a characteristic tubercle in the center. The color of the hat varies from brownish, ocher-brown to brown. The whole hat is covered with small hairy scales. The color of the scales is yellowish-green olive brown or gray.

Leg at the base with a club-shaped thickening. It is covered with gray-yellow scales. The leg below is brown, yellow above the ring, sometimes whitish. Often the leg is encircled by the remains of a yellowish bedspread. The ring of the honey boar has a thin and cobwebby, white or yellow color.

This species of honey agaric does not settle on living trees, but prefers burnt wood, stumps and deadwood of deciduous trees. Grows in small clusters, often single.

Tuberous mushroom (Armillaria cepistipes)

Hat with a diameter of up to 10 cm, with a smooth surface. At the beginning of development, the hat is dark, brown-gray, then becomes paler, more pinkish-dark yellow, cream or bakery color. It is characteristic of this species that dark flakes are crowded in the center of the cap, while the edge of the cap without flakes is always smooth. The leg is rather thin, slender, tuberous at the base. At a young age, yellowing at the base, and then turning brown. The thin and fragile ring quickly disappears.

The tuberous honey agaric lives in deciduous forestsfound on the soil in the grass.

Dark honey agaric (Armillaria ostoyae)

The hat is dark brown with dark blackish scales. The leg is cylindrical, usually thicker, sometimes curved pale brown, brown. On the entire surface of the legs are white scales, which eventually become dirty brown. The ring of a dark honey agar is strong and thick.

This mushroom grows in mixed, as well as coniferous forests, preferring conifers, found on stumps. trunks of trees and on the remnants of wood that has rotted. It grows in late summer and autumn.

Northern honey agaric (Armillaria borealis)

This mushroom is distinguished by an olive-honey shade of the hat, its color varies from tan to orange-brown, often with an olive tint. In the center, the hat is often golden yellow. The diameter of the hat is from 2 to 8 cm. The scales on the hat are either the same color or slightly darker, yellowish-cream, brown, olive. Leg color from buffy to brownish, with yellowish-white pubescence.

These mushrooms grow in large groups, found on both deciduous and coniferous trees.

Also mushrooms

These fungi, by their morphological characteristics, do not belong to the genus Armillaria, but they are similar in appearance to honey mushrooms, and they also grow in groups on stumps and trees, so we will call them mushrooms, too.

Summer honey agaric (Kuehneromyces mutabilis)

It is an edible mushroom. Appears at the very beginning of summer, in June, when there is still little in the forest edible mushrooms. It grows on stumps, decks, all kinds of decay trees of deciduous trees. It can settle near a person’s dwelling - on long-cut but unused logs, on log cabins of old wells, even on walkways through grooves, streams - in a word, does not disdain anything wooden.

Summer honey agaric can be found in the forest almost constantly throughout the summer and autumn, until the first frost.

Distinguishing these mushrooms from others growing on stumps is not so difficult. The summer openings have almost always a two-tone hat: in the middle there is light leather-yellow, darker translucent at the edges, as if saturated with water.

The foot of the honey agaric is also two-tone: above the ring is light, yellowish, smooth, under the ring is very dark, reddish-brown or brown, with short clean sticking scales. The legs are bent, which is typical for many mushrooms growing on stumps in large bunches. The ring on the leg is not wide, brown. With age, it darkens, clings to the leg, sometimes disappears, leaving a clear brownish mark on the leg.

The flesh of the summer mushroom is thin-fleshed, and you cannot call it as versatile in cooking as the autumn mushroom. Basically, this mushroom goes to soups, they turn out tasty, fragrant and transparent.

Marasmius oreades

Meadow openings - early mushrooms, pop up already in early June, or even at the end of May, and hold on until late autumn. Having missed the mushrooms during the winter, mushroom pickers walk along the meadows with scissors and collect these small mushrooms.

I don’t know why these mushrooms were called honey mushrooms, because they do not grow at all on stumps, but on meadows and clearings, grassy slopes of ravines. Perhaps because of their friendship, for the fact that these mushrooms spill out in plentiful groups.

The honey agaric belongs to the genus neguniuchnika. This is a small mushroom, its leg is thin, very stiff and fibrous. Due to their mushroom smell, mainly meadows are used for broths, soups. They are also dried.

Spring honey agaric (Collybia dryophila)

Or a collibia forest-loving. It is a bit like a meadow mushroom the size and color of a hat, a thin leg. But the meadow openings have rare, relatively wide, cream-colored plates, and the forest-loving colibia are very frequent, narrow, light yellow.

Like meadow honey agaric, the colibia appears early, in late May - early June, but grows in forests, on fallen leaves, decaying stumps, and this is why spring mushroom got its name.

These crumbs have a pleasant mushroom smell. but they will have to be collected a lot, so that at least enough for soup. All the same, collibia is on mushroom-less.

Winter mushroom (Flammulina velutipes)

Winter honey agaric grows in October-November. It grows in large "bouquets." Winter mushrooms can be found in the forest and in the city on old deciduous trees  with damaged bark and wood, on stumps, on fallen trunks.

Hats on honey agarics are even, shiny, pure yellow or golden in color, with a darker brownish middle. The legs of the mushrooms under the hat are yellow-buffy, lower and darker and darker. The surface of the legs is velvety. The legs of the mushrooms are stiff fibrous, inedible. The hats are fried, marinated, soups are boiled from them, and dried. Yes, if no other mushrooms were collected for the winter, then the winter mushroom will at least make up for the loss with its last mushroom smell.

Yellow-red honey agaric (Tricholomopsis rutilans)

Or yellow-red. This large beautiful mushroom grows on the stumps of conifers, or near stumps, on the roots. The main color of the fungus is yellow, but the hat and leg are densely covered with numerous velvety-fibrous dark red scales.

The mushroom, although harmless, is tasteless. It has the smell of rotting wood and a bitter taste.

False honey mushrooms

In addition to edible mushrooms, one must remember that there are double mushrooms or mushrooms similar to honey mushrooms, which are not only inedible, but even poisonous.

The poisonous counterparts of edible openings are false red brick red  and sulfur yellow. They differ from edible ones, first of all, by their smell, the color of their hats and plates, as well as the structure of their legs.

There is even a poem on this score:
Has an edible mushroom
On the leg is a ring of films,
And the false mushrooms
Legs bare to toe.

Brick Red False Foam (Hypholoma sublateritium)

These mushrooms grow throughout the summer until late autumn. This large, dense and bright mushroom can only be confused from afar with an autumn or dark open-air mushroom. Upon closer examination, it immediately becomes clear that this is not a mushroom at all. The mushroom hat is orange, yellow along the edges with hanging flakes from a private bedspread. Grows in large groups on stumps, rotting wood of deciduous trees.

An attentive mushroom picker will not confuse edible mushrooms from false ones; they have many differences.

First, what you need to pay attention to is the color of the plates. In young false openings, they are yellowish, not white or cream. With age, the plates acquire an olive shade. By age, the plates turn brown, even blacken, nevertheless they are cast with greens.

Secondly, they are distinguished from edible openings by legs that are not extended downward, as in an autumn honey agaric, not dark-scaly, like in summer, but even. sometimes narrowed at the base, browning in the lower part. On the legs of the false openings there is no ring, only a faint trace from the private bedspread in the form of small brown or black stripes around the circumference.

Thirdly, there are no pronounced scales on the caps of false mushrooms, as in edible openings. The surface of the cap is smooth.

False foam brick red mushroom is bitter, but we do not recommend tasting it, it is poisonous.

Sulfur Yellow False Foam (Hypholoma fasciculare)

This mushroom is smaller than the previous one. It can be confused with the open-air summer. The same yellowish, convex, hat with an age of half-open, in the center with a reddish tint. The bright sulfur-yellow color of the plates and the cap gave the name to this mushroom. The difference is that in false foam, the plates turn green with age. In the summer open-leg, the leg with pronounced white dots on a brown background, and in the false foam, the leg is thin, smooth, curved, yellow, browning only at the base. There is no ring in the false foam.

It grows from August to October on dead trees, participating in their decomposition, mainly prefers conifers, but can also be found on deciduous trees. Fruits in small groups. The mushroom is deadly poisonous! Contains toxins, like pale toadstool.

The gallered fringed is sometimes mistaken for a summer honey agaric, which also grows on fallen leaves in thick colonies.

Dedicated to our readers - when collecting mushrooms, be careful, look at the structure and composition of the mushroom, because mushrooms are something the devil himself doesn’t joke with ...

Tags:

Climbing roses are leaders among garden vines in terms of both distribution and decorativeness. Climmers and ramblers are rightly called the indispensable garden aristocrats. On a curly support, on the porch or above the path, in the company of clematis or as a soloist, climbing roses stand out for their particularly abundant flowering. But their difficult character is an important feature of climbing roses. Indeed, in regions with severe winters, a successful effort will have to be made for a successful wintering.

Woody plants and shrubs can not only freeze in extreme winter, suffer from provocative thaws in the cold season and return frosts in spring or even early summer, but also from rodents, which are mice and hares in gardens and berry bushes. By nature, these creatures are fearful and you will be very surprised if you notice a hare in the garden in the summer. More often you can see a mouse, but often in the late afternoon, when it literally merges with the soil.

Salad of green tomatoes for the winter with onions and peppers - spicy sweet and sour appetizer of green tomatoes, cooked based on Korean cuisine. If the summer turned out to be cold, then the probability of turning into a country of evergreen tomatoes increases, but experienced gardeners will always find use for this valuable vegetable. If you plan to preserve the harvest of “greens” in an apartment, then you need to pour them with boiling marinade from water, salt, sugar and vinegar.

Among indoor plants, the inhabitants of the driest places have always enjoyed special love. The deserved reputation of desert stars is explained simply: no other plants can boast of such endurance. Although not all succulents and cacti belong to the cultures found in nature in semi-deserts and deserts. Even so, the choice among the true desert endemic is very wide - from bright flowering stars to modest living stones.

Cauliflower fritters in the oven are tender, golden, and very tasty. Cauliflower, casseroles, cream soups are made from cauliflower, but pancakes, in my opinion, turn out to be the most delicious! Cooking pancakes, cheesecakes or small pancakes in the oven is much simpler and easier than frying in a skillet. Firstly, you spend significantly less vegetable oil. Secondly, the stove remains clean. Thirdly, the kitchen will never smell like burnt oil.

Now more and more gardeners are striving to grow vegetables precisely in the seedling method, and to prepare seedlings, like the soil for it, on their own. This is true, because if you learn this, you can grow good seedlings and save on both. It is clear that the soil for seedlings should provide the needs of a particular culture. In general, there is no universal soil. However, there are still basic requirements for seedlings.

Summer-flowering spirea are increasingly called autumn spirea. And the speech here is not at all a mistake. Most “second wave” spirees really bloom in summer. But the expansion of the palette of varieties and decorative forms that can continue to bloom to frost allows us to call such spirea both summer and autumn. Spectacular late-flowering spirea are still inferior in popularity to spring species. But among them there are much more plants that can settle on a flower bed or in a discount.

Meat baked in foil is always delicious and festive. It will be even tastier if you bake pork not just with a set of spices for boiled pork, but ... with fruit! If you are surprised by the combination of sweet fruits and meat, I assure you: apples, pears, prunes, dried apricots and even apricots give meat dishes new, different and very interesting tastes. We will take turns trying these recipes, and today let's cook the most delicious of them - pork and quince!

This procedure is sometimes carried out by gardeners at their sites. There are many reasons to transplant already formed plants to a new place: these are, for example, soil conditions (often together with climate peculiarities). It happens that the place where the bush grew for several years began to be flooded with melt water, or the bush suddenly began to freeze annually. Or the conditions are purely domestic, when, for example, a neighbor built a fence, and now your bush is in the shade.

Plants that are exposed in a cold hallway or hall are always perceived as an isolated part of landscaping. And in offices, and in residential buildings, and in official institutions, these green guards are the first to meet visitors and are a kind of calling card. Vibrant cultures are always chosen to decorate a hall or foyer. But no matter how beautiful they are, the main thing is their ability to put up with low and unstable temperatures and unpretentiousness.

Mushroom cabbage soup with cabbage - a recipe for those in a hurry, has a desire to cook a delicious first dish, and made autumn preparations of mushrooms. A half liter jar of canned wood is enough to make thick cabbage soup. The remaining ingredients are so simple that they can always be found in the pantry. Not all are suitable for soups salted mushrooms. The most delicious soups are obtained with mushrooms, boletus, butter, honey mushrooms and, as is not commonplace, with russula.

Huge selection of species and varieties ornamental plants  does not simplify the process of planning flower beds, because you need to remember a lot. Each plant has its own requirements for growing conditions, care, and even a selection of partners, but the most difficult thing is to find a balance of purely aesthetic characteristics for the composition. Simple criteria for evaluating all cultures allow not to get confused in the process of selecting the best candidates for the role of a star or a modest partner.

Colds come, at night there may already be a slight frost, although during the daytime the sun, peeking out from behind the clouds, does not just shine, but bake. There are many ways to protect against frost - this is shelter for the winter, and hilling, and bending lashes and trunks to the ground. But this is more suited to pliable, shrubby crops. Today we’ll talk about trees, about protecting their trunks, about the need for such protection, timing, the optimal composition for whitewashing, and of course, about the technology itself.

Pilaf with sausages is a simple recipe according to which you will quickly cook an appetizing rice dish with vegetables. Instead of meat, there are octopuses from sausages, which will delight younger members of the family, but by the way, adults also sometimes want to return to childhood. Therefore, I think that the original presentation and delicious oriental seasonings will appeal to everyone. Be sure to choose meat products in a natural shell so that the legs are beautifully “curled” in the cooking process.

Among the problems that can arise when growing indoor plants, the easiest to diagnose and treat is considered to be the elongation of shoots. The elongation of branches, the extension of the internodes, often also accompanied by crushing or loss of the characteristic shape of the leaves and their color, is really very easy to notice. The silhouette of the plant is clearly changing and already in the early stages of stretching it becomes obvious that the growing conditions for your pet are uncomfortable.

So in we picked up a full bucket of honey mushrooms, or bought freshly picked mushrooms from traders in the market. How to distinguish false mushrooms from real ones? To do this, you need to carefully inspect the mushrooms.

Hat

Despite the fact that the edible mushrooms differ from each other depending on how much light is in the place where they grow, what humidity there is and on which tree they grew,all edible mushroomsthere are characteristic features that distinguish them from inedible. The cap of edible honey agaric has a light brown, slightly dull color with small dark scales.  The color of the hat of false honey mushrooms is much brighter: brick red or gray-yellow.

Records

Edible mushrooms have light, cream or yellow-white plates.  False mushrooms have dark plates - at first they are yellow, but eventually become greenish, then dark green, almost black.

Leg

Edible mushrooms have a "skirt" on the leg (ring).  Most false honey mushrooms do not have a ring, but some fungi have residual ring characteristics, although they are inedible. The rule is simple: if in doubt, leave the mushroom in the forest. Another characteristic feature of false honey mushrooms is a high, 5-10 centimeters, leg. Real forest mushrooms do not grow above 4-6 centimeters.

Smell

Edible mushrooms smell nice:  they have a slightly harsh mushroom aroma, and false mushrooms smell not very pleasant: their smell is earthy, slightly musty.

Taste

In general, it is believed that poisonous mushrooms taste bitter, harsh. Actually not always. For example, brick red mushrooms taste quite normal, some people consider these mushrooms to be conditionally edible and eat them after appropriate thorough processing, and a small bitter taste leaves when soaked (just like when soaking buns). Therefore, it is worth remembering that mushrooms may have a normal taste, but be poisonous.

Growing time

Edible honey mushrooms grow year round (except for severely frosty periods). The most active growth of edible mushrooms is observed in the fall - from late August to October. Therefore, false honey mushrooms can be distinguished by the fact that they grow a couple of months in the spring, and then - only in the fall.

Contact with water

If you doubt how to distinguish false mushrooms from real ones, then dip the mushrooms in water. Poisonous or inedible mushrooms in contact with water will change color: turn blue or blacken.

I wish you success in the "silent hunt" and - and good health!

Among mushroom pickers mushrooms are very popular, which marinate, fry, make salads and various sauces from them. But there is a danger of confusing the edible representatives of the mushroom kingdom with false mushrooms.

Inedible doubles of honey agarics prefer to settle like their counterparts in large families on deadwood, stumps and rotten trees.

Inedible doubles of honey agarics prefer to settle like their brothers in large families on deadwood, stumps and rotten trees. All of their species are very similar in appearance.

The legs of the mushrooms are very thin and hollow inside.  The surface of the hats is painted in bright colors, which depend on the place of growth, soil composition and season. The skin is smooth to the touch.

Features of false mushrooms (video)

Botanical description of the main types of false mushrooms

The group of false mushrooms includes several types of mushrooms. Since they grow in identical conditions with edible representatives, they are very easy to confuse. Some species are conditionally edible, others are inedible, and others are poisonous. Due to the danger of serious poisoning, an inexperienced mushroom picker is advised not to pick up suspicious mushrooms.

Poppy mushroom

The second name of the fungus is gray plate honey.  It grows on fallen trees and pine stumps. In rare cases, it occurs on a rotting rhizome. It begins to bear fruit from the last month of summer and continues until mid-autumn.

The hemispherical hat reaches a size of 7 cm. During the growth of the fruiting body, it changes to convex-prostrate, along the edge of which particles of the bedspread remain. If the fruit grows in a humid environment, the hat acquires a light brown color. In a dry place, its surface is light yellow. The middle of the cap is much brighter than the edges. The smell of whitish flesh resembles damp.

The plates located on the inner surface of the cap grow to the leg. In young individuals, their color is pale yellow. Over time, the color changes, becoming like poppy seeds. A long leg (up to 10 cm) can be either straight or curved. The ringlet disappears quickly. At the base it has a red-red color, and near the hat is yellow.

Since poppy mushroom belongs to the conditionally edible category, after processing it can be used for culinary purposes. It is not recommended to collect old mushrooms that lose their taste with age.

Brick red honey agaric

Poisonous mushroom, which at a young age has a round-convex hat, which turns into half-grown as it grows. The surface is light reddish-brown tones, or red-brown and brick red. In the central part, the color is much richer. At the edges there are white hanging fragments, which are the remains of the bedspread. Bitterish flesh of yellowish tones. Records change color over time. In young specimens they are dirty yellow, and in mature olive-brown. The shape of the legs is even or narrowed below. The color is yellowish, slightly brown at the bottom. The structure is dense.

Prefers to settle on hardwood large families. Peak fruiting occurs in late summer - early fall.

Sulfur yellow honey agaric

The diameter of the cap of a poisonous honey agaric is from 2 to 7 cm. In a young mushroom, its shape is similar to a bell. With age, it becomes prostrate. Color can be yellow-brown or sulfur-yellow, which is reflected in its name. The central part of the cap is slightly darker than along the edge.

The inside of the fetus is whitish or sulfur-yellow.   The smell coming from the pulp is unpleasant.  A leg with a diameter of 0.5 cm grows to 10 cm in length. Sulfur yellow with a fibrous structure on top. Mushrooms grow in groups of about 50 fruits, stalks fused at the base.

Difference of false mushrooms from autumn ones (video)

How to distinguish false honey agaric from edible mushrooms

Despite the fact that the characteristics of edible mushrooms are in many ways similar to their false counterparts, having understood the characteristic features and differences of each species, you can learn to distinguish them.   The main signs of difference:

1. The appearance of the cap.  In real mushrooms, its surface layer is covered with peculiar scales of a darker color than the hat itself. Mature mushrooms become smooth, losing their scales. But this is not scary, since such mushrooms are no longer of interest.
2. Ring or skirt. Edible young individuals under the hat have a white film, which, as the fungus grows, turns into a ring on the leg. False instances do not have it.
3. The color of the peel on the hat. False representatives are much brighter than edible mushrooms. Real honey mushrooms are usually tender brown. Inedible species with the addition of red and yellow-gray tones.
4. Smell.  Edible mushrooms have a mushroom aroma. Dangerous Doubleson the contrary, they emit an unpleasant smell of land or moldy.
5. Records.  True mushrooms are characterized by the presence of light plates (yellowish or beige). In inedible species, they are brighter and darker (olive, greenish, yellow).

The fruits also taste different from real mushrooms. False species are unpleasant and bitter, but it is forbidden to try them. Having carefully studied the signs that distinguish an edible mushroom from a dangerous one, you can protect yourself from the serious consequences of poisoning with toxic substances.

Signs of poisoning with false mushrooms

In case of erroneous use of false honey mushrooms, intoxication of the body occurs, which   manifested in the following symptoms:

• The first signs of poisoning appear within the first hour after ingestion, but there are times when up to 12 hours pass.
• Toxic compounds that enter the body are very rapidly absorbed into the blood. Then, with its current, they penetrate into all organs, exerting a negative effect.
• Complaints of discomfort in the stomach appear, slight dizziness, heartburn, abdominal grumbling, nausea are observed.
• After 4-6 hours, symptoms begin to progress. The lethargy, apathy, trembling in the extremities and general weakness join. As the sickening state intensifies, vomiting occurs. Gastric cramps pass to the entire abdomen. The stool becomes frequent and watery, accompanied by sharp abdominal pains. Cold sweat stands out. Cold sweat appears on the palms and feet. Blood sugar is falling.

The most poisonous mushrooms (video)

Toxic elements negatively affect the cardiovascular system and the brain. As a result, the pulse rate slows down and decreases. blood pressure  to a critical level. A lack of oxygen leads to a bluish skin (cyanosis). The patient suffers from headache and dizziness.

Intense vomiting and diarrhea dehydrate the body, so replenishment of the fluid balance is required, otherwise disruption of vital processes will occur. In the absence of the necessary assistance, the patient begins delirium and hallucinations appear. An alternation of excitement and inhibition occurs.

Restoring health after poisoning depends on the speed of the measures taken. Timely contacting a specialist and carrying out the necessary procedures reduces the recovery time and minimizes the consequences.

Going in search of mushrooms should remember that only those mushrooms in which there is no doubt that these are edible species should be collected in a basket. Otherwise, the find must be abandoned.

Talk about secrets ...

Have you ever experienced joint pain? And you know firsthand what:

• the inability to move comfortably and easily;
• pain during or after exercise;
• discomfort during ascents and descents of stairs;
• inflammation in the joints, swelling;
• unpleasant crunch, clicking not at will;
• causeless and unbearable aching pain in the joints ...

Please answer the question: does this suit you? Can such pain be tolerated? How much money have you already “poured” into ineffective treatment? It's time to end this! Do you agree? Today we publish an exclusive interview with Professor Dikul, in which the doctor revealed the secrets of getting rid of joint pain, treating arthritis and arthrosis.

Attention, only TODAY!