Mushroom mushroom from what word is formed. Inedible mushroom mushroom

✔ beautiful mushroom
or flight beautiful, inedible
✔ purple boletus
or flying pink-skinned, pink-purple

- relate to inedible mushrooms

✎ Belonging and generic features

Boletus   or, in a scientific way, flight (or boletus) (lat. Boletus) is mushroom genus family flight. Boletus   some of the most common species   of this kind - white mushrooms   . And by some mycologists to kind of boletus   representatives from kind mossovics   , but this is not quite right or not right at all.
  In fact, if it comes to boletus, then involuntarily there is an association with the most venerable, noble mushrooms, just like when it comes to fly agaric   , then memories of some toadstools come to mind. It turns out that among mushrooms, boletus, there are exceptions - inedible mushrooms   , and among the fly agaric there are their own - and not just conditionally edible mushrooms   but unconditionally edible   completely usable, and even in a "raw" state.
  The mushroom-boletus, among all edible mushrooms, is considered the most famous and most noble, and among inedible mushrooms, on the contrary, it is the least known of mushrooms. So, among edible boletus, the most famous are:

  • royal boletus (royal boletus, royal white mushroom);
  • net boletus (porcini oak, white summer mushroom);
  • bronze boletus (copper boletus, hornbeam);
  • female boletus (rooted boletus, brown-yellow flying);

and among the edible boletus-mossoviks, the most famous are:

  • reddish boletus (red flywheel, reddening flywheel);
  • pasture mushroom (fissured flywheel);
  • porospore boletus (porous spore moss);
  • powdered boletus (powdered flywheel),

conditionally edible mushrooms include:

  • common oak tree (olive-brown, dirty brown) ;

and inedible:

  • rooting oak (whitish, bitter),

and among inedible boletus, the most famous are:

  • beautiful boletus (handsome-legged, inedible);
  • purple boletus (pink-purple).

Both of them are considered inedible only because of the bitter taste of their pulp, and moreover, their taste does not get better even after prolonged heat treatment. If you see any difference between them, then it will consist only in their color and habitat, but as the name implies, all of them mainly prefer forest burs.

Beautiful mushroom   (Latin Boletus calopus) or beautiful mushroom mushroom, or simply inedible boletus   - mushroom kind of boletus   (Latin Boletus), flying families   (lat. Boletaceae) with a juicy reddish leg and a pale, whitish or grayish hat.
Mushroom purple   (Latin Boletus purpureus) or pink-skinned mushroom, or mushroom pink-purple   - mushroom from kind of boletus   (Latin Boletus) and flying families   (Latin Boletaceae), and with the same as inedible (beautiful) boletus, juicy reddish leg, but, unlike other inedible boletus, with a brightly juicy, reddish or brownish hat.

✎ Similar species

All inedible mushrooms   have their counterparts in nature, such as:

- beautiful mushroom   can easily be confused with conventionally edible common oak (olive-brown)   (Latin Boletus luridus) (which is not good), from which it differs by a lighter, grayish, rather than olive-colored hat and more pinkish-red, rather than orange-colored speckles on the leg. But most often it is confused with a poisonous satanic mushroom (Latin Boletus splendidus), with which they are distinguished by the color of the tubular layer (hymenophore) (it is bright orange for the satanic mushroom, and lemon yellow or olive yellow for the inedible boletus) ), which is not scary, because both fungi are not of interest to mushroom pickers;
- purple mushroom   much more often confused with poisonous legal boletus (Le Gal boletus)   (lat. Boletus legaliae), which is distinguished by yellow-brown-red with a mesh pattern of a reddish-colored leg and juicy chocolate, with a pale yellowish or olive-pink stain hat.

In fact, there is a whole group of red-colored boletus with blue flesh, which can hardly be distinguished and most of them are very rare. They are all considered poorly understoodinedible and poisonous mushrooms   . These, in addition to the above boletus, also include:

  • satanic fly (satanic mushroom, forest devil)   (Latin Boletus satanas);
  • brilliant boletus (false satanic mushroom)   (Latin Boletus splendidus);
  • boletus Le Gal (legal)   (Latin Boletus legaliae);
  • fechtner mushroom   (lat. Boletus Fechtneri);
  • felt boletus (wolf)   (Latin Boletus lupinus);
  • mushroom pink-golden   (lat. Boletus rhodoxanthus);
  • pink-skinned mushroom   (lat. Boletus rhodoxanthus);
  • beautiful mushroom   (Latin Boletus pulcherrimus),

and other little-known mushrooms.

Moreover, fechtner mushroom   modern science refers, albeit to poorly studied, but certainly edible mushrooms, and all the rest to completely unsuitable   in food (poisonous and inedible) mushrooms.

✎ Distribution in nature and seasonality

Mushrooms   got its name for its predisposition to living in pine forests (pine, spruce, cedar, birch or oak). And inedible mushrooms are no exception in this regard. For example:
- inedible boletus   found in coniferous or oak and broad-leaved forests, often on acidic sandy soil, as well as under oaks in squares and parks, singly or in small groups in Europe or the south of the European part of Russia and in the Kaliningrad region, from July to October.
- purple mushroom   it is rare in deciduous forests, mainly in beech and oak, on calcareous soil in lighted areas and is common in Russia, Ukraine, in some European countries (mainly in places with a warm climate) and it often lives in hilly and mountainous areas, from June to September.

✎ Short description and application

Mushrooms   belong to section tubular mushrooms   and therefore, the inner part of the cap has a tubular structure, in the tubes of which are the spores of the fungus, intended for its propagation.
  At inedible boletus   a tubular layer with rounded, small pores, grayish-yellow at a young age, and in mature lemon-yellow and later already olive-yellow, with a greenish tint, which turn blue when pressed. The cap is large enough, hemispherical, later it becomes convex and with curled or hanging wavy edges, it feels smooth and dry, sometimes wrinkled, dull, and later bare. The color of the peel on the hat is light brown, olive light brown, brown or grayish brown. The leg is low, it is high, of medium thickness, at first it is barrel-shaped, and then it becomes cylindrical or club-shaped, sometimes pointed to the base, dense, the color above is lemon yellow with a white net, in the middle it is carmine red with a red net, and below it brown red. The pulp is whitish or light cream, in places on the cut it turns blue (especially in a hat) and bitter in taste.
  At purple mushroom the tubular layer is free, golden yellow, and later changes its color to olive and turns blue at the cut. The pores are blood red and also turn blue when pressed. The hat is first hemispherical, and then it becomes slightly convex and with uneven edges. The peel on the hat is velvety, reddish-brown in color and can be covered with blackish spots. The leg is thick, club-shaped, with a thick red mesh, which makes it difficult to determine its true color. The pulp is fleshy, very dense, with an incision it immediately turns blue and after a few hours it becomes already dark red.

How to distinguish inedible and conditionally edible boletus, what are the types of boletes.

This type of boletus has poisonous compounds in its pulp, so experienced mushroom pickers know that eating it is forbidden.   It tastes bitter to taste and causes an upset bowel, resulting in acute pain in the intestines and liver, loss of appetite and chills.

The cap of the beautiful mushroom mushroom has the color of unrefined sunflower oil with a light shade of ripe cherry. The matte structure of the cap can be covered with light wrinkles, which resembles a semicircle with wavy edges. With age, the hat takes the form of an unevenly cut ball, which has a waviness at the edges of the cut. Its diameter reaches 15 cm (in rare cases, it may be more). A distinctive feature of the beautiful-footed pain is that it is not eaten and since they will die immediately from its toxic substances.

Did you know? In the early 60s of the twentieth century, mushroom pickers found a fly that weighed more than 10 kg.

Boletus tubes have a lemon yellow hue, which with age of the fungus becomes dark olive. The length of the tube can reach 15 mm, when cut or pressed, it turns blue sharply. The pores of the beautiful centipedes are small, round, pale pink in color, with age, the pores become light yellow, and then turn green. When pressed, the pores acquire a blue tint. The spores of the fungus are ellipsoidal, smooth and small (average size - 14x5 microns).



The leg of the beautiful-centered mushroom is barrel-shaped, smoothly changes color from the beginning of the cap to the base of the mushroom. The color begins with a lemon yellow color, then goes into carmine red, and ends with brown. Old mushrooms may lose the dark red color of the legs. The mushroom pulp is dense and hard, cream-colored. At first it tastes sweet, but then a sharp bitter aftertaste appears. The beautiful knifelike fly is common in mountain coniferous forests, and occasionally in deciduous. Most commonly found in forests from late July to mid October.

This type of boletus has many different names: deep-rooted, bitter spongy, whitish, stocky. The cap of this boletus is hemispherical (in young species), 5-18 cm in diameter (occasionally reaches 25-28 cm or more). The skin is dull, the color of calcareous soil, sometimes acquiring a hint of unripe lime. When squeezed, the hat acquires a rough blue tint.



Tubules have a bright yellow color. The pores have the shape of a circle, small, acquire a blue tint with rough contact. The size of the spores is the same as that of the beautiful centipede mushroom. Spore powder is golden colored. The stalk of young eukaryotes resembles a cylinder that is swollen from the inside, 5-10 cm high and 3-6 cm long in section. With age, the stalk takes the form of an ideal cylinder. The color of the legs is bright beige, light turquoise spots are visible at the base. The top of the leg has an uneven grid, which, with rough contact, takes on a shade of heavenly color. The flesh is very similar in structure to flesh, but the palatability is poor (strong bitterness prevails).

Important! Some sicknesses can damage the function of the liver and destroy its cells, therefore, with the first symptoms of poisoning, you must immediately contact a medical institution for help.

This mushroom rare in European and North American forests.   Prefers to grow near the grounds or groves. It can be found in summer and autumn.although it very often forms mycorrhiza. Borovik rooting in the description is very similar to, but the latter has an unpleasant odor from under the hat. In some reference books, you can see evidence that this mushroom is edible. It really does not have any poisonous substances in it that are fatal to the human body, but the taste of the rooting boletus is bitter, so no one uses it in cooking.

This type of boletus in its structure has toxic compounds, in addition to an unpleasant bitter taste, it can cause irreparable harm to the body. Named after a woman who was a mycologist scientist in the early twentieth century in France. Her name was Marcel le Gal, but in Russian literature this mushroom often referred to as "legal boletus".



The upper base of le gal is opaque, almost smooth, has pink, less often - orange, color. The shape of the cap of the young boletus resembles the shape of a convex ellipsoid. Over time, the hat becomes less rounded and acquires a cushion shape. Its diameter depends on the age of the pain and varies from 7 to 17 cm or more. The flesh of le galle has a lemon yellow hue and a rich smell of mushrooms. In places that ate slugs, it is painted in the color of ripe olives, which is characteristic of almost all mushrooms of the flight genus.

The foot structure is reminiscent of inflated cylinder, the average diameter of which varies from 3 to 5 cm (sometimes the sizes reach 6-8 cm). The length of the legs depends on the age of the eukaryote and can reach fifteen centimeters. The pores are painted in a light carmine color, the tubules reach a length of 1.5-2.2 cm. The dimensions of the spores and the color of the spore powder are identical in biological characteristics to the representative, which we described above.



Borovik le gal most often found in Western Europe.   It prefers alkaline, most often grows under or oak. In forests, it can be found in summer or early fall. Le gal, in addition to an unpleasant bitter aftertaste, has some poisonous substances, therefore eating it is strictly prohibited.

Did you know? In Italy it will be considered a violation of the Law if you yourself (without proper permission) go to the forest to pick mushrooms.

This type of bole can cause food poisoning, so it belong to inedible poisonous mushrooms.   The first symptoms of poisoning are considered: abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, chills. Symptoms usually disappear without the intervention of medical attendants after 24-36 hours. There have been no fatal cases of wonderful poisoning by the flight so far.



This type of boletus has a fairly large diameter of the cap (there are specimens with a cap diameter of up to 30 cm). It is painted in dark red, less often - brown. Unlike all the above types of boletes, this mushroom has a rough surface of the cap. The characteristics of the pulp of this boletus completely coincide with those described above.

The length of the leg is standard, but its diameter has a fairly solid indicator (up to 12 cm). The structure of the leg resembles a convex cylinder, which tapers at the base, painted bright brown. The length of the tubes reaches 1.7 cm, the color resembles a mixture of lemon and lime. The pores, when pressed, acquire a blue tint, in their natural form they have a bright brown color. Controversial characteristics are no different from other representatives of this genus.



Most often, a wonderful mushroom forms with or a mason. Most often found in the northwestern United States. It was also discovered in the state of New Mexico. You can find this fly in mixed forests in late summer - early fall.

The shape and diameter of the cap are exactly the same as the previous representative of the Borovik clan. When wet, the hat becomes a little mucous and acquires tubercles. This mushroom has uneven color,   which ranges from light gray to olive gray. It has zones with a purplish red and brown hue. When pressed on a mushroom, dark blue spots form. Sometimes pink-purple flying can be damaged by insects. Damaged areas have a yellowish or olive-lemon tint.

Important!Note to mushroom pickers: anthills are often found in places of growth of a large number of boletus.

The characteristics of the tubular layer and pores are the same as in the fine boleta, but the pores have a brighter color (pink-orange or light red). The length of the leg of this sore reaches 15-17 cm, and its diameter is 7 cm. The color of the leg is lemon yellow with a slight pinkish-purple hue. At the end, it has a light burgundy mesh, when pressed, it acquires a blue tint.



The flesh of this representative is densehas a pleasant fruity smell, olive yellow. At the place of the cut, it becomes dark blue, after a while the color becomes a contrasting wine hue. The pink-purple boletus has a sweet flesh and pleasant taste characteristics, however, it is not recommended to use it raw or boiled, as it is a poisonous representative of boletes.

Pink-purple mushroom is found on calcareous soils, in forests, more often in mountainous regions. Prefers to grow among beeches and oaks. This flight is little studied by mycologists, therefore, it is not recommended to collect it. In addition, it is quite rare for mushroom pickers. Most widely distributed in Western Ukraine, Russia, and some European countries.

This type of boletus looks almost the same as pink-purple. The hat, unlike the mushroom described above, has a slightly velvety skin. Sometimes it is covered with a certain sticky substance, has a chocolate-gray coating, the edges are painted in a light burgundy color. The leg of the pink-skinned sore is very similar in structure and color to the leg of the representative described above, the only difference is that it can reach a length of 20-22 cm. The flesh has a less pronounced taste and smell.

Did you know?The first images of mushrooms appeared 1450 years before the birth of Christ. Images were found by archaeologists in modern Egypt.

Tubules in mature representatives acquire dark shades (greenish, often purple-blue). This flea is very similar to the satanic mushroom, which is found in the same places, grows in the same conditions. However, the pink-skinned representative of this genus is very rarely found by mushroom pickers, so mycologists have not studied it well enough. Experienced mushroom pickers do not collect this type of beaulettes, since it contains toxic compounds. Inexperienced people ate pink-skinned mushrooms, which caused unambiguous symptoms of food poisoning after 2-3 hours. There is chills, pain in the stomach and liver, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. Fatal cases of poisoning with a pink-skinned boletus have not yet been registered, however, if you eat too many mushrooms of this species, convulsions can occur, which lead up to loss of consciousness. Moreover, it is impossible to use the pink-skinned representative even in boiled form (after long hours of heat treatment, toxic substances do not violate their structure).



The shape of the wolf’s cap has a standard structure, which belongs to almost all representatives of the Borovik clan. The diameter of the cap can vary from 5 to 20 cm, depending on the age of the fungus. The color of the hat is different, often depends on the age of the representative and on the minerals contained in the soil (light red, purple pink, light pink (young boles), burgundy). Biological characteristics suggest that young representatives of the Volchiy species have a lighter skin color (often dull coffee, light gray). With age, the mushroom acquires strict dark shades of brown or carmine red, the skin becomes completely naked (without felt coating).



The leg of a wolf sore is of a standard shape (a convex cylinder becomes almost ideal with age). The leg length, unlike other representatives of the genus, is small, reaches only 6-8 cm, diameter - 3-6 cm. The color of the color of yellow grapes with subtle light red spotting. Tubular and spore characteristics are standard, but there is a difference in size (the tubes are small, but increase with age). Like other paints of this genus, this mushroom, when pressed, takes on the color of ripe blue grapes. The mushroom pulp does not have a pronounced distinctive smell or taste. The most common wolf fly is found in deciduous forests in Israel (from November to the end of December). Grows in groups, in the specified country is quite common. Refers to moderately edible mushrooms. They are eaten after thorough heat treatment (cook for at least 15 minutes at a temperature of 100 ° C, the broth is not used in food, since decomposed toxic substances remain in it).

Important!There are about 300 species of boletus, so before you go after them into the forest, you need to carefully study the literature to not collect inedible representatives of the genus.

After reading the article, it will become clear to many what boletus mushrooms are, what types of boletus exist, and which of them can be eaten. This is very important information that every mushroom picker must learn in order not to harm their health by eating inedible boletus.

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Description:The boletus is beautiful, the beetle is beautiful, the boletus is inedible. As a rule, the more beautiful the mushroom, the more likely it is inedible.
The size of the inedible mushroom cap varies from five to twenty centimeters in diameter. Her color is light or dark gray. The hat is velvety and cracked to the touch. The shape of the cap of the described type of mushroom is hemispherical; in maturity, it is often uneven and pillow-shaped. The layer of tubules of young mushrooms is yellow in color, while in the knowles, it darkens, becoming olive green. If you press on the tubular layer, it turns blue. In spore powder, the overall tone is olive. The fungal leg is yellow in the upper part and red in the lower part, covered with an invisible net. The flesh of the inedible mushroom is pale, yellowish, turns blue in the places of the cut. The taste of this species of boletus is very bitter.

Taste:Without heat treatment, the mushroom is poisonous. In general, it tastes bad.

Where and when to collect:Inedible boletus grows mainly on acidic soil in woodlands. The growing season lasts summer and autumn days.

Features:This mushroom can be confused with an ordinary oak tree, a satanic mushroom, but they are distinguished by the color of the pores of the tubular layer.