False porcini mushrooms. Gall Mushroom (Mustard)

Common enough in middle lane  Russian bile mushroom (mustard) also has the name of a false porcini mushroom.

There are several scientific theories about the origin of its bitterness, which cannot be destroyed by any culinary processing procedures.

Most close to the truth is the opinion that toxic substances are present in the pulp of this fungus that destroy liver cells.

In this regard, the symptoms of poisoning can occur several weeks or months after eating it.

Poisoning, in fact, is quite rare due to the fact that during exposure to high temperatures during processing, bitterness is greatly enhanced. It is hardly possible to call such a dish edible. Most often, poisoning occurs when using a false porcini mushroom for pickling and pickling.

In canned form, bitterness can be masked by various seasonings and vinegar.

Edible doubles  - this is true, boletus and. A distinctive feature of the bile fungus is the color of the spongy substance on the back of the cap.

Unlike edible specimens, false white mushroom  It has a pink tint. When cut, the leg quickly darkens and becomes brown. The mesh with which the leg fiber is covered also has a brown tint.

Description of the bile fungus

You can meet false boletus in any region of the Russian Federation. It grows actively from late June to mid-October, depending on weather conditions. With early frosts, it can complete the growing season at the end of September.

It grows both in groups of 5-15 individuals, and singly on the outskirts of forests with sparse tree planting. It prefers light loamy soils and sandstones for growth, richly fertilized with fallen needles.

According to the description, the bile mushroom resembles a white mushroom - it is a massive sturdy leg that is filled with fibrous pulp. In diameter, an adult can reach 7 cm. The outer layer is fibrous, covered with a dense mesh of brown or brown color.

His hat is a spongy formation with a thin layer in the upper part of the dense porous substance in the form of pulp. Sponge pinkish, very bitter in taste.

If even a small amount gets on the tongue, it causes a strong burning sensation. The outer surface of the cap is covered with a dense film, which during growth can change its color from pale brown to rich ocher.

As they mature, the hemispherical shape spreads out and becomes like a saucer, the inside of which resembles a pillow.

A distinctive feature - this mushroom is never damaged by insects. Due to this, he looks very attractive. But you should not take it to your basket.

If even a small piece of false porcini mushroom gets into the mushroom picker, the taste of the dish will be irrevocably damaged.

Be sure to look below, in our photo gallery, what the gall mushroom looks like in the photo.

How does poisoning manifest itself?

As mentioned above, some biologists attribute the mustard mushroom to inedible, but not poisonous specimens. Scientists agree that eating this handsome forest man is impossible only because of his unpleasant taste.

Foreign colleagues refute this theory. In the pulp of a false porcini mushroom toxic substances are released that are quickly absorbed into the blood of a person with any, even tactile contacts. These substances penetrate the liver cells, where they show their destructive effect.

On the first day after the "test on the tongue" during the collection of this fungus, a person may feel slight dizziness and weakness. In the future, all symptoms disappear. The first signs appear a few weeks later.

Problems begin with the separation of bile. The performance of the liver is impaired. At high concentrations of toxins, liver cirrhosis may develop.

Thus, you yourself can make the right conclusion about whether it is possible to eat bile false white fungus and whether it is edible to humans. One has only to think that even forest animals, insects and worms do not try to enjoy the attractive flesh of this representative of the mushroom kingdom.

The porcini mushroom, or boletus, is a forest mushroom traditionally beloved in our area, which is considered to be the king among edible mushrooms. Finding a clearing with porcini mushrooms is considered a good luck for every mushroom picker, because porcini mushrooms can be dried, boiled, salted and used in many favorite dishes. However, you should be careful about collecting forest mushrooms, because poisonous twins, namely false porcini mushrooms, are often found.

What does a false white mushroom look like

On a note

A real mushroom looks like a dense meaty mushroom on a thick leg and elastic brown hat, which in some species may have a white and red-brown color.

As a rule, all the poisonous counterparts of mushrooms are carefully disguised as real delicious mushroomsHowever, there are some differences that will help distinguish a false white mushroom from a good wild mushroom. But false white mushrooms are very similar to real ones, so it is important to find their main differences.

One of the first false porcini mushrooms that can be found in the forest is mustard or bile fungus. Outwardly, it is very similar to a real edible porcini mushroom, but its flesh contains a high concentration of substances that give it a bitter taste. False white bile mushroom can be distinguished by the color of the slice. In a real porcini mushroom, the slice will be white, and the false bile white mushroom will turn pink in the cut. In addition, the false porcini mushroom will have a mesh pattern on the top of the leg, which is never observed in a real edible porcini mushroom. And another sign by which you can distinguish edible porcini mushroom from false - tubular layer false mushroom  has a pinkish or whitish hue, while in a real porcini mushroom it is yellow.

Another type of false white fungus is the satanic mushroom. It is so dangerous that only 1 g of this fungus can cause serious food poisoning in humans. The satanic mushroom belongs to the species of boletus, and therefore often becomes the object of extraction of inexperienced mushroom pickers. However, there are several differences by which it is possible to distinguish false porcini mushrooms of this species from edible ones. The first difference is the color of the legs of the mushroom. Often there is a satanic mushroom, which has a whitish, grayish and olive-brown color of the hat and a velvety structure, which is also characteristic of a real porcini mushroom. However, the color of the legs should alert if it has shades of red, bright orange and reddish brown. Any of the shades of red in combination with another color is the first sign of a satanic mushroom. Therefore, be sure to bypass it. The pulp of the satanic mushroom on the cut also instantly turns pink or turns red, blue. When buying or picking mushrooms, always pay attention to the cut, so as not to buy dangerous poisonous false porcini mushrooms. The old false white mushroom has all the signs, and it will have an unpleasant smell on the cut, which is also a difference.

I would also like to say about one more mushroom from the category of ceps, which is called the Polish mushroom. This mushroom from the mushroom family is edible, but it is often confused and not taken, for fear of poisoning. But you can also distinguish the Polish mushroom by a cut, which first turns blue, then brightens. Smell polish mushroom  soft mushroom pleasant, the leg has a more even shape. The color of the hat is dark red, brown-red, fleshy flesh. The porous lower part of the hat turns blue when pressed, which distinguishes the Polish mushroom from other false porcini mushrooms, has a light yellow color and a small indentation at the leg.

Poisonous Fungi Poisoning

If you accidentally put a false porcini mushroom in a basket and cook it, then the symptoms of poisoning can appear within 20-30 minutes after eating a mushroom dish. This is vomiting, nausea, severe diarrhea, and stomach pain. If you find after eating any mushroom at least one of these symptoms, be sure to call a doctor to do a gastric lavage and rid the body of toxins.