Names of deciduous trees. Plant world, or flora of the earth

Hello dear friends! As always, ShkolaLa and the Projects section are in a hurry to help you. Are you ready to tell about the deciduous trees of Russia at the lesson of the surrounding world? This material will help you!

Lesson plan:

What do we know about deciduous plants?

Let me remind you that deciduous trees are those that have leaves. They are also called deciduous and summer-green, because they drop their leaves every year before the cold weather. Why they do this is described.

Deciduous plants appeared later than other species, but quickly spread thanks to their seeds. Today they grow in every corner of our planet and are its main landscapers.

Deciduous wood is often taken as a material for industrial purposes, as it is durable and easy to process. Many summer-green plants serve as a source of useful substances used in medicine. Also, deciduous trees bloom beautifully and harmoniously fit into landscapes, many of them bring delicious berries and fruits to our tables.

About the features of deciduous plants remembered. Now I propose to talk about their representatives. Do you know which deciduous tree in Russia is the most common? And the longest living? Below I have compiled for you descriptions of deciduous trees, most often found in our country.

White birch

Among deciduous trees, this is the most famous tree, especially common in the north, but birch grows also in central Russia and the Caucasus. It can rightfully be considered a symbol of Russia - how many songs and tales are composed! In total there are more than a hundred species of birches, among them there are dwarf ones.

It is interesting! The name is rooted in the pre-Slavic berza - "whiten, glow." And all this thanks to the snow-white trunk, the color of which gives a special resinous substance - betulin, they filled the cavity of the cells. Another tree name is associated with the word birch bark.

Birch grows up to 40 meters and lives up to 120-150 years, but there are centenarians who are 400 years old. Birch leaves are serrated at the edges, and they have a shape in the form of a rounded rhombus or triangle.

Birch inflorescences look like a feminine decoration - catkins, where the fruits ripen and then show off. Tree seeds look like flattened nuts that have a wing. Light and small, they are carried by the wind to a distance of 100 meters.

Most species of birches tolerate frosts, so they can live even beyond the Arctic Circle. Those who like a warmer climate settle in the middle zone of Russia. Moreover, the plant can grow on clay and sand, on the wet shores of the seas and rivers, in the swamp and in the tundra, on stones and in the steppes.

What is a birch suitable for? Its upper layer, called birch bark, was previously used in folk crafts - from it were made bast shoes, baskets, ladles and other household items. Today, birch is a material for plywood, skis and wooden toys. Birch leaves and buds are used in medicine.

If in the spring a cut is made on the birch trunk, then you can collect delicious birch sap. Just do not forget to cover the wounds inflicted on the tree with clay so that harmful organisms do not get there.

It is interesting! In nature, there is a Schmidt birch, named after the botanist who discovered it, also called "iron". It is found in the south of Primorye, and the tree is called so because it is a fire-resistant breed with special strong wood that drowns in water. They say that you won’t take it with an ax, nor can you pierce it with a bullet.

Strong oak

The oak, also known by Pushkin’s Lukomorye, is also a frequent resident of deciduous forests. There are about 600 species in total, but only one is widespread in Russia - petiolate. Oak can grow both in the north with a temperate climate, and in the south. A true long-liver among all deciduous up to 45 meters long, it can please the eye for about 1,500 years, but this is not the limit!

It is interesting! Lithuania has the oldest oak tree, which celebrated its two thousandth anniversary. And the Poles have three friends - the oaks of friendship Czech (Czech Republic), Lech (Poland) and Rus (Rus), they are 900 years old.

Many types of oak are evergreen - they have some notched leaves that, with their oblong appearance, look like an ellipse, remain on the tree for many years. Oak is easily recognizable by its fruits - acorns. These are nuts.

It is interesting! Acorns are good animal feed, but pigs are especially fond of them. Krylov even has a fable "Pig under the Oak." And only under the oaks because of the features of its root system, expensive mushrooms grow - truffles.

Today, oak nuts are used for cooking; Koreans make jelly with tothorimuka with them. Acorns from Russian cherry oak go only for coffee.

But oak wood is a real value for furniture production. It is strong and durable. Furniture made from oak is considered one of the most expensive.

The tree that has been lying for at least 100 years in water is especially valued. Such oak is called stained oak; its color acquires an almost black tint. Oak floors are also laid - parquet. In addition, oak wood is used in shipbuilding.

Apple tree

Who does not like bulk apples? Today there are about 36 species of apple trees, some of them are grown as ornamental, their fruits do not fall on our tables, but most give us rich apple crops. Who has not heard about Antonovka and white filling?

Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan are considered the birthplace of apple trees, but today breeders have adapted to grow the tree not only in warm places, but also in the north.

The tree has a branchy crown; it grows up to 15 meters long. Wild apple trees even have thorns on the branches. Apple trees bloom beautifully with white or red flowers. Fruits are about the size of a pea, but the usual apple varieties contain many vitamins, as well as micro and macro elements.

It is interesting! When you are tired, make yourself apple tea with cinnamon. It will relieve irritation, restore sleep and give strength.

What is useful apple tree? In addition to making delicious dishes from apples, making jams, squeezing juices and drying them, the apple tree is an excellent material. Its wood is used for the manufacture of crafts and carpentry, as it is easy to cut and polish.

Poplar

Unpretentious poplars can grow on any soil, in the middle zone or in the north, but do not really like waterlogging. A tree can live up to 150 years, but often dies much earlier due to various fungal diseases. Sometimes a tree can reach 60 meters.

The shape of the crown of poplar can be different, depending on where it grows. Usually in the south these are pyramidal species; in poplars growing closer to the north, a spreading wide crown of oval-shaped leaves.

The fruits of the poplar are boxes. Remember the song about poplar fluff and July? It is during the warm summer weather that these fruit boxes release seeds with thin hairs that fly onto the park paths and cover them like snow.

It is interesting! Do you know that they make yellow paint from poplar leaves and purple from poplar buds ?!

Where is poplar applied? The wood of this tree serves as raw material for the manufacture of paper. Artificial silk, match straws and some furniture are also made of poplar. In the south, poplar wood is even being built.

Linden tree

In the west of Russia and up to the Urals, you can find linden, which combines about 40 main species. But some hybrids number as many as 350! The tree has leaves in the form of hearts with serrated edges. Linden can also be deservedly attributed to centenarians. On average, they live about 400 years, but some age up to 1000.

Linden stands out for its beauty, especially during flowering in June-July. Then the air is filled with a delicate sweet aroma.

It is interesting! Under tsars, scammers cut out royal seals from linden, forging a state attribute. Hence the expression "linden print", "linden", or fake.

Where is linden applied? First of all, for the manufacture of medicines. Moreover, not only flowers are used, but also other parts of the plant.

In addition, linden is a tree for art; it is used to make musical instruments and carvings.

And from the linden, pads are cut to sew beautiful boots and drawing boards for us.

Sometimes this plant goes to the manufacture of furniture.

Who has not heard about linden honey, so useful in the cold winter?

I talked only about the five deciduous trees that are often found in Russia. As you know, there are a lot of them.

Well, well done, and now you can sing! Watch the video and sing along)

Maybe you fill up the article with a story about your favorite tree? And ShkolaLa says goodbye with good grades, but not for long!

Evgenia Klimkovich.

In terms of species composition, temperate forests are much less tropical. Trees in central Russia are few in number and, it would seem, should be known to everyone. But this is not so. Of course, everyone can easily recognize birch, pine or spruce, but not everyone can distinguish elm from maple or be able to describe what the linden looks like. It should also be noted that some trees predominate in forests, while others dominate in cities. This article will focus mainly on forest species.

Trees of central Russia: names

The most common coniferous tree on the East European Plain is pine. Ordinary spruce is a little less popular. Sometimes there is white fir and falling larch. But the dominant position belongs to deciduous. They grow faster than conifers, and are easier to adapt to environmental changes, so they take root even in big cities. According to studies conducted on the territory of the Central Russian Upland, the prevailing indigenous species are hearty linden and common ash. Of course, birch and aspen are found everywhere. Along the banks of forest rivers, various species of willows and black alder grow. In shady places comes across a rough elm (aka mountain elm). The characteristic trees of central Russia are various maples, and ordinary mountain ash, and wild apple. In cities, the decorative forms of apple trees, black and white poplar are widespread, horse chestnut is found.

Common ash

One of the most impressive in our forests: it reaches a forty-meter height. Ash has a straight trunk; the bark is grayish greenish. The tree prefers moist, but not swampy soils, so it often grows along streams and rivers. Young ash trees, unlike adults, are not demanding for light. In winter, the tree is easy to identify by large black buds. Ash crown - high set, openwork, beautiful shape. He has very recognizable leaves - long (up to 35 cm), unpaired.

In general, the middle zone of Russia is the most accessible material for identification. By analyzing their shape, determining the species is relatively easy.

Heart-shaped linden (small-leaved)

It is a fairly tall (up to 35 meters) tree. It grows on the plains and in the foothills, often on cliffs, slopes. It takes root well in cities and therefore is often used as an avenue plant. The linden has a straight trunk with a wrinkled grayish bark. The trees that grow in the meadow have powerful egg-shaped crowns. Linden is a honey tree. It blooms late in the middle of summer. Small white-yellow flowers have a pronounced sweetish aroma and attract bees. In addition, they are a drug.

Flowers are collected in a bunch, at the base of which is a long leaf - lionfish. The fruits of linden are round nuts. The leaves are rounded heart-shaped, slightly resembling poplar. Deciduous trees in central Russia, as a rule, are not particularly durable, but hearty linden can live up to 800 years.

Black (sticky) alder

This tree has nothing against high humidity. It is found in river valleys and even in swamps. Alder grows up to 30 meters. Her trunk is dark, with deep "wrinkles", the wood is reddish yellow. The leaves are rounded, with a notch opposite the cuttings. Alder blooms in mid-spring, just during the flood. In male trees, flowers are collected in long yellow-purple earrings. Female inflorescences are in the form of solid cones.

Black alder loves light and It is a useful plant. Its wood is suitable for use in high humidity conditions.

English oak

Trees in central Russia are medicinal; some of their parts are often used in medicine. The oak with its dark and very rough, but healing bark is no exception. This tall tree grows both in the hills and in the valleys. It has nodular branches and easily recognizable leaves, which are called cirrus, since they consist of several pairs of fused lobes.

Oaks bloom in late spring. The fruits are light brown-yellow acorns (2-3 pieces on a long petiole). Oaks live long, their wood is hard and not subject to decay. For this reason, expensive furniture is made of it “for centuries”.

Rough elm (mountain elm)

Due to the abundance of longitudinal cracks in its crust. The height of the elm is 30 meters, while the plant is very slender, with a long strong trunk and a relatively wide crown. The trees of central Russia are unpretentious: for example, rough elm gives copious growth both in moist lowlands and in the mountains, climbing to a height of 1000 meters above sea level and rooting on rocky steeps. Elm is demanding not so much to the ambient temperature as to soil fertility. It has large, rough and not very symmetrical oblong leaves with a bilobate margin.

Rough elm appreciates partial shade, so you will not find it in open spaces. It blooms very early; violet-red flowers are collected in dense small bunches. By summer, the fruits of the elm ripen and fall. They are flattened nuts surrounded by two fused wide lobes.

Poplar and Aspen

Almost everyone can identify these plants, the determinant of trees in central Russia is hardly needed here. But nevertheless, speaking of the most common plants in our country, one cannot ignore these species. By the way, not everyone knows that the second name of aspen is trembling poplar. This tree is very undemanding to the soil, but loves the sun. Aspen rapidly captures fresh clearings and clearings, but its century does not exceed 90-100 years. The trunk is long and smooth, with a gray-greenish bark. Crohn is small, rare and high. The leaves are almost round, with an uneven edge. The slightest breath of wind makes them tremble, due to the special structure of the petiole. Dark green above, gray below. In the fall they get a rich burgundy color.

Better known as a "cultured" tree. It can be more often found in cities along the highway or on village streets than in forests. Poplar appreciates the sun and moisture. Under favorable conditions, the tree grows up to 40 meters. The bark is gray, rough, with longitudinal cracks. Crohn is extensive. Leaves are heart-shaped.

Conclusion

So, the article briefly described the trees of central Russia, whose names are well known to everyone. Look at the photos, practice a little - and it’s not difficult to distinguish one plant from another. Fortunately, as already noted, the forest flora of the temperate climate is not so numerous.

Wide areas of natural vegetation and soil in Russia are closely related to the country's climatic zones. In the far north, where the summer is cold, and the soil is poor in nutrients, mosses, lichens and undersized shrubs prevail. The soil freezes to a great depth and only the surface layer thaws in the summer allowing the plants to grow. Forests occupy about 45 percent of the territory of Russia, mostly in Siberia. The total area of \u200b\u200ball forests is about 25 percent of the total. The forest zone of Russia can be divided into a large northern part - coniferous, or Taiga, and a much smaller southern region - coniferous-deciduous forests.

Boreal forests

Taiga is located south of the tundra and occupies 40 percent of the European part of the country, and also covers significant areas of Siberia and the Russian Far East. Most of this region reigns supreme. Despite the fact that the taiga zone mainly consists of conifers, in some areas small-leaved trees such as birch, poplar, aspen and willow add variety. In the extreme northwest of the European part of Russia, pine dominates in the taiga, although fir, birch and other trees are often found.

Pine still grows east to the Western slope of the Urals, but fir already prevails, and in some areas there are almost pure birch forests. The West Siberian Plain consists mainly of various species of pine, and birch dominates along the southern edge of the forest. For most of the Central Siberian plateau and mountains of the Far Eastern region, the main forest-forming species is larch. The trees of the taiga zone are usually small and widely scattered. In some areas where soils are scarce on nutrients, there are no trees at all, and only marsh grasses and bushes form a vegetation cover.

Mixed forests

The zone of mixed forests in the central part of the East European Plain from St. Petersburg in the north to the border with Ukraine in the south is characterized by the presence of both coniferous and broad-leaved trees. Evergreen conifers predominate in the north, while deciduous trees are common in the south. Major broadleaf species include oak, beech, maple and hornbeam.

A similar forest cover prevails in the southern part of the Russian Far East, along the Amur River Valley and to the south along the Ussuri River Valley. The basis of the soil cover of the mixed forest zone is gray-brown forest soil. They are not as barren as the taiga soils, and if properly cultivated, they can be very productive. In the south, a narrow forest-steppe zone separates the mixed forest from the steppes.

Forest-steppe and steppe

Although a large area of \u200b\u200bthe forest-steppe is currently plowed up, it has natural meadow vegetation with scattered groves of trees. On average, about 150 km wide, this zone extends eastward through the valleys of the Middle Volga and Southern Urals in the southern parts of the West Siberian Plain. Some parts of the forest-steppe are also found in the southern intermountain basins of Eastern Siberia. A mixture of grasses with a small interspersed tree in the sheltered valleys is a natural vegetation of the Russian steppe - a large area that includes the western half of the North Caucasus plain and the land belt extending east through the southern Volga valley, southern Urals and western Siberia. As in the case of the forest-steppe zone, almost all the country's steppes are cultivated.

List of plants in Russia

Below is a list of some trees, shrubs, grasses with a description and photos characterizing the plant world of Russia.

Fluffy birch

Fluffy birch is a type of deciduous tree found throughout Northern Europe and the northern part of Asia, growing north than any other broad-leaved trees on the planet. Often confused with a related species - hanging birch, but fluffy birch prefers more humid areas, grows well on heavy and poorly drained soils; Young trees are also easily confused with dwarf birch.

Common hornbeam

Common hornbeam, also known as European or Caucasian hornbeam, native to Western and Central Asia, as well as Eastern and Southern Europe, the species of deciduous trees. It prefers a warm climate, and is found only at an altitude of 600 meters above sea level. It grows in mixed forests with oak, and in some areas with beech.

English oak

Widely distributed in the European part of Russia, a tree from the beech family. It is the dominant tree species in the southern regions of the forest and forest-steppe zones. This is a large deciduous tree, reaching 40 meters in height and 4-12 meters in the circumference of the trunk.

Siberian spruce

Siberian spruce is a coniferous tree, a native species of spruce native to Siberia, growing from the Ural Mountains to the east to the Magadan Region, as well as from the arctic line of the forest to the Altai Mountains in northwestern Mongolia.

White willow

White willow is a species of willow found in Europe, West and Central Asia. The name comes from the white tint of the underside of the leaves. These are medium or large deciduous trees, growing up to 10-30 meters in height, with a trunk diameter of about 1 meter. The bark is gray-brown, deeply fractured on old trees.

Field maple

Native to a large part of Europe, the British Isles, Southwest Asia (from Turkey to the Caucasus) and North Africa (in the Atlas Mountains), a species of trees from the sapinda family. Also successfully cultivated outside their natural habitat in the United States and Western Australia in areas with a suitable climate. In Russia, the most common in the middle lane of the European part of the country.

This is a deciduous tree, reaching 15-25 meters in height, with a trunk up to 1 meter in diameter and a finely cracked, thin bark.

Siberian larch

Siberian larch - frost-resistant coniferous tree growing in the western part of Russia, from the Finnish border to the east to the Yenisei valley in central Siberia, where it hybridizes with Gmelin larch; the hybrid is known as Chekanovsky Larch.

Siberian larch reaches 20-50 meters in height, with a trunk with a diameter of up to 1 meter. The crown is conical in young trees, and acquires an oval-rounded shape as it grows.

Juniper

Common juniper is a species of coniferous trees with the largest geographical range among woody plants with a circumpolar distribution throughout the subarctic zone, from the Arctic to the south to 30 ° north latitude in North America, Europe and Asia. Relict populations can be found in the Atlas Mountains of Africa. On the territory of Russia, found in the forests and forest-steppes of the European part of the country, as well as in the western and less often eastern regions of Siberia.

Common juniper is a small evergreen tree or shrub of very variable shape and a height of up to 16 meters.

Gray alder

Gray alder is a species of the alder genus with a wide range in the cold regions of the northern hemisphere.

The size of the trees varies from small to medium, with a maximum height of about 15-20 meters, smooth gray bark (even in older specimens), and a life span of no more than 60-100 years.

Aspen

Aspen is a species of deciduous tree, common in temperate and cool regions of Europe and Asia, from Iceland and the British Isles to the east to Kamchatka, to the north within the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia and Russia, southern and central Spain, Turkey, Tien Shan, North Korea and Northern Japan.

This is a tall deciduous tree, growing up to 40 meters in height, with a trunk diameter of more than 1 meter. The bark is pale greenish-gray, smooth on young trees with dark gray diamond-shaped lentils, becomes dark gray and fissured on old ones.

Siberian pine pine

Siberian cedar pine is a pine species that grows in Siberia from 58 ° east longitude in the Urals to 126 ° east longitude in the south of the Sakha Republic, and also from 68 ° north latitude in the lower Yenisei valley to the south to 45 ° north latitude in central Mongolia.

In the north of its range, it grows at low altitudes, usually 100-200 meters, while closer to the south, it occurs at an altitude of 1000-2400 meters above sea level. Siberian cedar pine is a slow-growing tree, with a maximum height of 30-40 meters, and a trunk diameter of about 1.5 meters. Life expectancy is 800-850 years.

Siberian fir

Siberian fir is an evergreen coniferous tree growing in the taiga east of the Volga River and south of 67 ° 40 "north latitude in Siberia, through Turkestan, northeastern Xinjiang, Mongolia and Heilongjiang.

It prefers a cold climate, moist soil in the mountains or river basins at heights of 1900-2400 meters above sea level. Siberian fir is a very shade-tolerant frost-resistant tree that grows at temperatures up to -50 ° C. It rarely lives more than 200 years due to susceptibility to wood fungus.

Mountain ash

Mountain ash - a tree or shrub plant from the pink family. The range extends from Madeira and Iceland to Russia and North China.

Mountain ash is found in the form of a tree or shrub, which reach from 5 to 15 meters in height. The crown has a round or irregular shape, and the trunk is thin and cylindrical up to 40 cm in diameter.

Barberry ordinary

This deciduous shrub can reach up to 4 meters in height. The leaves are small oval, 2-5 cm long and 1-2 cm wide, with a serrated edge; they grow in bundles of 2 to 5 sheets. The flowers are yellow, 4-6 mm in diameter, bloom on the length of the brush in late spring. Oblong red berries 7-10 mm long and 3-5 mm wide ripen in late summer or autumn; they are edible but very acidic and rich in vitamin C.

Ledum marsh

A low shrub about 50 cm (rarely up to 120 cm) tall with evergreen leaves 12-50 mm long and 2-12 mm wide. The flowers are small, with a five-lobed white corolla, and emit a strong odor to attract bees and other pollinating insects. It has a wide geographical range on the territory of Russia, which covers the tundra, forest zone, Siberia and the Far East.

Common lilac

Common Lilac - a flowering shrub plant from the family Olives, originally from the Balkan Peninsula, where it grows in the wild on rocky hills. The species is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant and has been naturalized in other regions of Europe (including Russia, Great Britain, France, Germany and Italy), as well as in most of North America.

This is a large deciduous shrub or small multi-stemmed tree, grows up to 6-7 meters, producing secondary shoots from the base or root system, which over decades can grow to a small colonial thicket. The bark is gray or taupe, smooth on young stems, and longitudinally furrowed on old stems. The leaves are simple, 4-12 cm long and 3-8 cm wide, from light green to bluish in color, from oval to heart-shaped, with feathery venation and gabled top. Flowers, as a rule, range from lilac to mauve, sometimes white. The fruit is a dry, smooth, brown capsule, 1-2 cm long, split into two parts to release seeds.

Common viburnum

Viburnum vulgaris - deciduous shrub plant, reaching 4-5 meters in height. Leaves are opposite, three-lobed, 5-10 cm long and wide, with a rounded base and large serrated edges; outwardly similar to the leaves of some types of maple, but differ slightly wrinkled surface. It blooms in early summer and is pollinated by insects. Spherical bright red fruits (7-10 mm in diameter) contain one seed. Seeds are carried by birds and other animals.

Polar poppy

One of the most northern plants in the world. The stalk is hard, hardy and covered with black hairs, flowers with delicate yellow or white petals. Flowers constantly turn to the sun, repeating its movement through the sky, and attracting insects. Arctic poppy grows in meadows, mountains and dry beds. They thrive among stones that absorb solar heat and provide shelter for the root system.

Stinging nettle

Nettle is an easily recognizable, unfortunately, often easily perceptible plant whose stems and leaves are covered with burning hairs. This is an effective way to avoid the fate of being eaten, and also makes nettle an important refuge for caterpillars and many other insects. In addition to dioica nettle, stinging nettle is widespread in Russia.

Violet tricolor

The violet is three-colored, also known as pansies - an annual, sometimes perennial plant that grows in Europe and temperate regions of Asia. It was also introduced in North America, where it spread widely. This is the progenitor of cultivated violets, and therefore it is sometimes called wild violet.

Grouse chess

Hazel grouse is a perennial herb with a rather unusual appearance for wildflowers. It prefers raw, low-lying meadows and pastures of Europe and West Asia. It thrives on soils that have never been intensively cultivated, and are now less common.

Sedge

Sedge is a genus of perennial herbaceous plants, numbering about 2 thousand species. In Russia, from 300 to 400 species are found that grow in various climatic conditions, landscapes and habitats throughout the country.

Trees are a form of ligneous plants consisting of a root, trunk and crown. In 2015, there were three trillion trees on our planet. Russia ranks first in terms of their number - 640 billion. But every year, due to climate change and deforestation, their number is decreasing.

Tree classification

Conifers.

1. Coniferous (evergreen) - these trees belong to the domain - eukaryotes, the kingdom - plants, the department - conifers. They grow in a temperate climate zone, as they like a moderately warm climate and sufficient moisture. The largest number of species is found in the northern hemisphere. Their sizes can be from a dwarf to a giant.

In the modern world, coniferous plants include woody plants with one trunk and side branches located on it. These are araucaria, pine and cypress trees such as spruce, cypress, juniper, sequoia, yew, cowry, fir, cedar, pine and larch. If a plant has cones in which seeds develop, and the leaves look like long needles, then it can safely be called coniferous.

Araucaria.

Pine.

Cedar

Cypress

Coniferous plants are the oldest and tallest trees.

The oldest tree of Methuselah

This spinous intermountain pine in 1953 was discovered by the botanist Edmund Schulman. The approximate age of the tree is 4846 years. It was planted in 2831 BC. To date, this tree is considered living and it grows in the Inio National Forest in California (USA) at an altitude of 3000 meters above sea level.

The tallest tree - Hyperion

The height of this tree is 115m. The trunk diameter is 4.84 m. It grows in the US state of California. Approximate age is 700 - 800 years. This tree was discovered in 2006 by Chris Atkins and Michael Taylor.

Deciduous.

2. Deciduous (small-leaved and broad-leaved) differ in the shape of the crown, the color of the leaves and the presence of fruits. These include trees such as maple, aspen, linden, ash. Also, trees are divided by the life of the leaves into evergreen and deciduous. Deciduous closer to winter, drop their leaf cover, and in the spring they again release buds, from which green leaves again grow. Evergreen trees change their leaves gradually at any time of the year.

Types of trees (photos and pictures).

Maple.

Oak.

Chestnut.

Linden.

Among the deciduous trees there are also famous trees.

The largest tree is the "Hundred Horses" Chestnut.

One of the oldest chestnut trees in the world is known as Castagno dei cento cavalli. It grows on the eastern coast of Sicily, eight kilometers from the active crater of Mount Etna. The chestnut was included in the Guinness Book of Records as a tree with the largest trunk coverage (in 1780 its circumference was 57.9 m). This tree has one root and several trunks above the ground. If you believe the legend, then Giovanna of Aragonese - Queen of Naples, together with one hundred knights fell into a thunderstorm. All 100 travelers were able to take refuge under this tree. Since then, he began to be called the Chestnut "hundreds of horses."

Chestnut "hundreds of horses." Hermitage collection in St. Petersburg.

Jean Pierre Wales - French painter and engraver (1735 - 1813)

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In this section of the plant encyclopedia, you can find out what trees are, study their various types and decide what trees to plant on your site or in the garden. All trees are divided into several varieties, so you can visit one of the sections that interest you most. At the bottom of this page there is a photo gallery where you can find decorative and fruit species of trees together, including coniferous and deciduous species with photos and names arranged alphabetically. You can find out about each type of important features on the additional pages. This information will help you decide which trees to plant based on their care requirements.

Siberian Apricot photo description Flowering plant blooms from the end of May (10 days) height: up to 1.5 m	Apricot japanese photo, varieties, description syn. Apricot mumé, Chinese plum, Japanese plum Fruit, ornamental tree or shrub height: up to 6 m	Chinese quince photo description Fruit and decorative tree Medicinal plant Grown in mild climates height: 10 - 18 m
Ailanthus photo description syn. Ash-tree Chinese - the highest ylant, ylanth glandular Decorative tree Flowering plant height: 18 - 25 m	Acacia silver (bleached) photo description popularly: Mimosa Evergreen leaf. tree Indoor plant height: 10 - 12 m	White Acacia (folk name) photo description scientific Pseudoacacia robinia, pseudoacacia robinia, pseudoacacia robinia Flowering tree, honey plant Decorative tree height: 20 - 35 m
Albitsia photo description syn. Acacia of Constantinople   (popularly) Flowering tree, rarely shrub Garden plant of mild climate (some species) Indoor plant height: up to 10 m	Albania Lankaran photo description syn. Acacia silk (nar)  silk tree   (nar) Blooming tree Garden Climate Tree Indoor plant height: 6 - 9 m	Ginkgo bilobate photo description syn. Ginkgo biloba Garden Resilient Tree Medicinal plant
Spruce photo, types, description nar Christmas tree It has dwarf, spherical, conical, creeping varieties	Linden photo, species, landing, care Trees, rarely shrubs Column-shaped, cone-shaped, spherical varieties	Larch photo, types, general description Deciduous conifers, decoration. shrubs Among the decorative varieties are weeping, spherical, pyramidal, hemispherical, standard plants
Juniper photo, types, description, varieties syn. Veres - common juniper Trees, bushes Column-shaped, conical, dwarf, creeping varieties	Robinia, its types and varieties nar Acacia Deciduous trees and shrubs Ornamental plant There are non-flowering varieties Honey plant	Pine photo, types, value, description   syn. some species: cedar elfin, Siberian cedar (Siberian pine) Trees, shrubs, or creeping plants Column-shaped, cone-shaped, shrubby, creeping, dwarf species and varieties
syn. yucca filament - adam's needle, yucca garden, garden palm, tree of happiness Garden or indoor plant Evergreen shrub or tree average height: 30 cm - 2 m

Trees are perennial ligneous plants, a characteristic feature of which is the presence of a central lignified trunk, from which the skeletal and lateral branches depart, forming a crown.

All trees by type of foliage are deciduous and coniferous. Coniferous trees have hard leaves of a scaly or needle-shaped shape, called needles. Deciduous trees have wide and flat leaves. What other trees are there: deciduous and evergreen. Evergreen trees change their foliage unnoticed throughout the year, they do not have a pronounced seasonal fall of leaves, which allows them to be covered with leaves all year round. This can not be said about deciduous species of plants that completely lose their leaves in the autumn - winter season. In addition to biological classification, there are other divisions that have arisen in the process of human life. For example, according to various characteristics, trees are divided into ship, valuable, cultural, fruit, tropical, etc.